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Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMO)

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[Science Update] Relationship between metabolites modulated by HMOs and reduced risk of LRTIs
In relation to the reduced incidence of lower respiratory tract infections (LRTIs) shown in infants fed a 2-HMO formula compared to those fed a control formula, the current study provided unique insights into how HMO feeding affects the developing gut microbiome-host metabolome in early infancy. In this study, the microbiota composition and biochemical species in infant stool (n = 743) from a previous clinical trial were measured.
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Early-life gut ecology and reduced risk for reported LRTI
[Science Update] Early-life gut ecology and reduced risk for reported LRTI
By using results from a clinical intervention trial with 2-human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) and control formula-fed infants, the current study sought to discover early-life infant parameters and microbiome characteristics linked to subsequently reported lower respiratory tract illnesses (LRTI) including bronchitis.
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Effects of a specific blend of 5 HMOs on gut microbiota development and maturation
[Literature library] Effects of a specific blend of 5 HMOs on gut microbiota development and maturation
According to a multi-country trial, an infant formula containing a particular combination of 5 HMOs (2’-FL, DFL, LNT, 3’-SL and 6’-SL) has been shown to be able to beneficially modulate the gut maturation of formula-fed infants. The entire study consists of a follow-up period up to 15 months of age, with the present report analyzing the secondary outcomes for subjects up to 6 months of age only.
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[Literature library] Complexity in HMO mixture composition and gut ecosystem
A recently published in vitro study demonstrated that infant gut ecosystem may benefit from more diverse human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) mixtures, which would support various bifidobacterial communities and may safeguard the gut barrier from pro-inflammatory imbalances.
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[Science Update] Maternal diet and HMO profile
In this study, the association between maternal nutrition and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) profile in mature human milk was investigated. Human milk samples of healthy mothers (n = 101) from the Maternal Microbes (MAMI) cohort* was analyzed. Maternal dietary information and perinatal factors from the same group of subjects were recorded.
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[Science Update] Associations between HMOs and bacterial profile and their relationships with infant body composition
This pilot study investigated associations between human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and the predominant bacterial species found in human milk, as well as their relationships with body composition of three-month-old exclusively breastfed infants. Altogether, 60 dyads from the Breastfeeding Longitudinal Observational Study of Mothers and Kids (BLOSOM) in Australia were included in the analysis. Among the 60 mothers, 49 were secretors while 11 were non-secretors.
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[Literature library] Correlation between variations in HMO composition and intestinal epithelial barrier
A recently published in vitro study demonstrated that various HMO compositions trigger both common and different intestinal epithelial cell responses. 4 HMO blends were extracted from mature human milk of 4 randomly selected individual mothers in Canada. In this study, barrier-protective effects were considered as one of the ‘core’ functions of HMOs, while immune regulation was considered as an ‘additive’ function of HMOs.
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