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Human Milk Oligosaccharides (HMO)

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Effects of a specific blend of 5 HMOs on gut microbiota development and maturation
[Literature library] Effects of a specific blend of 5 HMOs on gut microbiota development and maturation
According to a multi-country trial, an infant formula containing a particular combination of 5 HMOs (2’-FL, DFL, LNT, 3’-SL and 6’-SL) has been shown to be able to beneficially modulate the gut maturation of formula-fed infants. The entire study consists of a follow-up period up to 15 months of age, with the present report analyzing the secondary outcomes for subjects up to 6 months of age only.
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[Literature library] Complexity in HMO mixture composition and gut ecosystem
A recently published in vitro study demonstrated that infant gut ecosystem may benefit from more diverse human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) mixtures, which would support various bifidobacterial communities and may safeguard the gut barrier from pro-inflammatory imbalances.
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variety-food
[Science Update] Maternal diet and HMO profile
In this study, the association between maternal nutrition and human milk oligosaccharide (HMO) profile in mature human milk was investigated. Human milk samples of healthy mothers (n = 101) from the Maternal Microbes (MAMI) cohort* was analyzed. Maternal dietary information and perinatal factors from the same group of subjects were recorded.
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[Science Update] Associations between HMOs and bacterial profile and their relationships with infant body composition
This pilot study investigated associations between human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and the predominant bacterial species found in human milk, as well as their relationships with body composition of three-month-old exclusively breastfed infants. Altogether, 60 dyads from the Breastfeeding Longitudinal Observational Study of Mothers and Kids (BLOSOM) in Australia were included in the analysis. Among the 60 mothers, 49 were secretors while 11 were non-secretors.
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[Literature library] Correlation between variations in HMO composition and intestinal epithelial barrier
A recently published in vitro study demonstrated that various HMO compositions trigger both common and different intestinal epithelial cell responses. 4 HMO blends were extracted from mature human milk of 4 randomly selected individual mothers in Canada. In this study, barrier-protective effects were considered as one of the ‘core’ functions of HMOs, while immune regulation was considered as an ‘additive’ function of HMOs.
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[Literature library] The influence of FUT-2 and FUT-3 polymorphisms on acute respiratory infections
Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in young children. Data (n = 240) from the Microbiota and Health Study in Bangladesh was analyzed to investigate the relationship between FUT-2/3 determining secretor and Lewis status and ARI occurrence in breastfed infants. Maternal secretor and Lewis status are used as a proxy for human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in human milk, as FUT-2/3 polymorphisms shape fucosylated HMOs composition.
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smiling-baby
[Literature library] Human milk oligosaccharides and infant gut microbiota
This is a review article summarizing current knowledge of human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) including possible HMO utilization strategies of major infant gut bacteria, associated effects of HMOs on infant gut microbiome, as well as immune function.
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