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Pediatric Health & Nutrition

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allergy
[Guideline Summary] S3 guidelines on allergy prevention
Recommendations of the S3 guideline Allergy Prevention were revised to enable evidence-based and updated recommendations for preventing allergic diseases. They are for primary prevention of bronchial asthma, allergic rhinitis, food allergy and atopic eczema, applying to individuals at risk and those not at risk (unless explicitly stated otherwise. Below listed a brief summary.
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mum-breastfeeding
[Science Update] Phospholipid content in Chinese human milk across lactation stages
Phospholipids (PL) are critical for infant growth and neurodevelopment. A part of the Chinese study (the Maternal Nutrition and Infant Investigation) collected 2,270 human milk samples from 0 to 400 days postpartum in 6 regions of China, to determine the major classes of PLs in human milk and their respective levels across lactation stages.
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weight
[Science Update] Associations between HMOs and bacterial profile and their relationships with infant body composition
This pilot study investigated associations between human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) and the predominant bacterial species found in human milk, as well as their relationships with body composition of three-month-old exclusively breastfed infants. Altogether, 60 dyads from the Breastfeeding Longitudinal Observational Study of Mothers and Kids (BLOSOM) in Australia were included in the analysis. Among the 60 mothers, 49 were secretors while 11 were non-secretors.
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pregnant-mum-baby
[Literature library] Correlation between variations in HMO composition and intestinal epithelial barrier
A recently published in vitro study demonstrated that various HMO compositions trigger both common and different intestinal epithelial cell responses. 4 HMO blends were extracted from mature human milk of 4 randomly selected individual mothers in Canada. In this study, barrier-protective effects were considered as one of the ‘core’ functions of HMOs, while immune regulation was considered as an ‘additive’ function of HMOs.
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baby-feet
[Literature library] The influence of FUT-2 and FUT-3 polymorphisms on acute respiratory infections
Acute respiratory infections (ARIs) are one of the leading causes of morbidity and mortality in young children. Data (n = 240) from the Microbiota and Health Study in Bangladesh was analyzed to investigate the relationship between FUT-2/3 determining secretor and Lewis status and ARI occurrence in breastfed infants. Maternal secretor and Lewis status are used as a proxy for human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) in human milk, as FUT-2/3 polymorphisms shape fucosylated HMOs composition.
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brain-with-hands
[Literature library] Efficacy of myelin nutrient blend on developmental myelination
This recent study investigated the efficacy of a myelin nutrient blend of docosahexaenoic acid (DHA), arachidonic acid (AA), iron, vitamin B12, folic acid, and sphingomyelin (SM) on developmental myelination in formula-fed term infants. 6-month results from this ongoing study were examined.
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vaccination
[Literature library] Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) mRNA-based vaccination and breastfeeding
This is the first study demonstrating the presence of anti-receptor-binding domain (RBD) antibodies in the faeces of breastfed newborns, whose mothers had received mRNA-based Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) vaccines before or during lactation.
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